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Find medications by clinical use, age, formulation or mechanism. Compare up to four.

Draft clinical reference · independent human review pending

Syndrome-specific treatment guideIGE · absence · JME · GTCA · Dravet · LGS · spasms · SeLECTS · CDD

Clinical selection guidance complements the product library. U.S. approvals, UK NICE recommendations and trial evidence are identified separately. Drug lists below are options to review, not ranked prescriptions.

Choose a syndrome / seizure pattern

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Class / mechanism

Exact age (optional)

Route / formulation

Interaction profile

Seizure / syndrome

Treatment role

Evidence of use

Show drugs needing review for

Age, route and seizure filters must match the same product record. Unmapped ages/formulations are excluded when specified. Results indicate label or guideline coverage, not patient suitability. Caution filters highlight issues to review.

Try “1,4-benzodiazepines”, “GABA-A”, “SV2A”, or “sodium channel”. Mechanism groups include proposed actions; see each profile for evidence and qualifications.

Practical prescribing: formulations, concentrations & withdrawal

Formulation matters: Check the exact product, concentration, release type and route. A liquid, sprinkle, dissolving tablet and buccal rescue film can have different instructions and indications. Crush or use a feeding tube only when that product’s instructions support it. See the added administration notes in individual profiles.
Generic substitution: FDA-approved bioequivalent generics are supported by AES. Match the release formulation: immediate-release is not a substitute for delayed- or extended-release. Explain changes in tablet appearance and dosing to support adherence. AES position statement ↗
When to check a level: Consider concentrations for unexplained seizures, adverse effects, suspected missed doses, pregnancy, renal changes or important interactions. Use the individual effective baseline where available; interpret the local assay and timing. Routine levels are unnecessary for many stable patients.
Free versus total: Valproate and phenytoin total levels can mislead when protein binding changes. Consider a measured free level when clinically indicated. Clobazam and its metabolite are reported in ng/mL; several other ASMs use mcg/mL. Profiles link verified laboratory intervals.
Bone health: Long-term treatment with certain ASMs, including carbamazepine, phenytoin, primidone and valproate, can adversely affect bone health. Assess individual risk and consider vitamin D/calcium supplementation when appropriate.
Planned withdrawal: Seizure freedom does not automatically mean medication can stop. Agree a syndrome-specific relapse-risk assessment and taper with the clinician. For elective withdrawal, NICE usually recommends at least 3 months, longer for benzodiazepines/barbiturates, and one drug at a time. Urgent adverse reactions require a different plan; label minimum tapers are not universal withdrawal schedules.

NICE NG217: monitoring, bone health and withdrawal (UK) ↗

Sources, editorial status & corrections

This draft uses U.S. product labeling, selected trials and clearly identified guideline sources. Content has been assembled and checked with AI assistance. No independent human clinical review or endorsement is claimed.

Author / reviewer credentials: Public author and reviewer identities have not yet been supplied. Independent clinical review is pending.
Conflicts of interest: A disclosure statement has not yet been supplied.
Correction contact: A public contact address has not yet been supplied. Download a correction report below and send it to the site owner through your existing contact channel.

Workbook-informed revision — September 14, 2026

Added ganaxolone and CDKL5 coverage with current, slower titration and a separate severe-hepatic-impairment table.
Added ten syndrome treatment guides, including valproate’s strong role in IGE; corrected the IGE filter mapping.
Added product administration details and verified selected serum intervals with analyte, units and source links.
Clinical review pass clarified absence-only versus mixed generalized seizures, monotherapy versus add-on evidence, current SeLECTS guidance and indication-specific limits.

How the supplied workbook was used

Medication cells and relevant pasted medication/treatment tables were used to identify topics for verification. Diagnostic, EEG and genetics tables were outside the requested scope. Original screenshots are not reproduced.

Corrected older ganaxolone dosing, clobazam concentration units, food/crushing instructions and age/indication generalizations.
Rejected a stiripentol GAT-1 attribution and an apparent Dravet treatment list under SeLECTS.
Did not import obsolete pregnancy letter categories, blanket prenatal vitamin K advice or an unsupported universal “effective for” matrix.

AI-assisted clinical critique informed these revisions. Independent human epilepsy-specialist review remains pending.

Earlier changes — September 14, 2026

Corrected fenfluramine combination titration, dose caps and cardiac monitoring; added postmarketing cardiac risk.
Updated cenobamate liver precautions, lamotrigine regimen tables, pregabalin IR/CR distinction and valproate product conversion guidance.
Replaced repeated interaction text with drug-specific summaries; separated warnings, contraindications and common effects.
Added linked product eligibility, syndrome cautions, pregnancy information, contextual evidence, shareable profiles, compact comparisons and exports.
Retained mechanism qualifications and Non-benzodiazepine GABAergic classification. Incomplete evidence and product checks are explicitly identified.

Product source audit — 31 profiles

Source retrieval and a partial audit do not establish complete verification. Not all brands, dose regimens, laboratory intervals or trial outcomes have been re-extracted. Each row links the exact product label used and identifies remaining work.